path: root/src/Text/Pandoc/App/Opt.hs

{-# LANGUAGE ScopedTypeVariables #-}
{-# LANGUAGE OverloadedStrings   #-}
{-# LANGUAGE CPP                 #-}
{-# LANGUAGE DeriveGeneric       #-}
{-# LANGUAGE TemplateHaskell     #-}
{-# LANGUAGE FlexibleInstances   #-}
{-# LANGUAGE FlexibleContexts    #-}
{- |
   Module      : Text.Pandoc.App.Opt
   Copyright   : Copyright (C) 2006-2020 John MacFarlane
   License     : GNU GPL, version 2 or above

   Maintainer  : John MacFarlane <jgm@berkeley@edu>
   Stability   : alpha
   Portability : portable

Options for pandoc when used as an app.
-}
module Text.Pandoc.App.Opt (
            Opt(..)
          , LineEnding (..)
          , IpynbOutput (..)
          , defaultOpts
          , addMeta
          ) where
import Data.Char (isLower, toLower)
import GHC.Generics hiding (Meta)
import Text.Pandoc.Builder (setMeta)
import Text.Pandoc.Filter (Filter (..))
import Text.Pandoc.Logging (Verbosity (WARNING))
import Text.Pandoc.Options (TopLevelDivision (TopLevelDefault),
                            TrackChanges (AcceptChanges),
                            WrapOption (WrapAuto), HTMLMathMethod (PlainMath),
                            ReferenceLocation (EndOfDocument),
                            ObfuscationMethod (NoObfuscation),
                            CiteMethod (Citeproc))
import Text.Pandoc.Shared (camelCaseStrToHyphenated)
import qualified Text.Pandoc.Parsing as P
import Text.Pandoc.Readers.Metadata (yamlMap)
import Text.Pandoc.Class.PandocPure
import Text.DocTemplates (Context(..))
import Data.Text (Text, unpack)
import Data.Default (def)
import qualified Data.Text as T
import qualified Data.Map as M
import Text.Pandoc.Definition (Meta(..), MetaValue(..), lookupMeta)
import Data.Aeson (defaultOptions, Options(..))
import Data.Aeson.TH (deriveJSON)
import Control.Applicative ((<|>))
import Data.YAML

-- | The type of line-endings to be used when writing plain-text.
data LineEnding = LF | CRLF | Native deriving (Show, Generic)

instance FromYAML LineEnding where
  parseYAML = withStr "LineEnding" $ \t ->
    case T.toLower t of
      "lf"     -> return LF
      "crlf"   -> return CRLF
      "native" -> return Native
      _        -> fail $ "Unknown line ending type " ++ show t

-- | How to handle output blocks in ipynb.
data IpynbOutput =
    IpynbOutputAll
  | IpynbOutputNone
  | IpynbOutputBest
  deriving (Show, Generic)

instance FromYAML IpynbOutput where
  parseYAML = withStr "LineEnding" $ \t ->
    case t of
      "none"  -> return IpynbOutputNone
      "all"   -> return IpynbOutputAll
      "best"  -> return IpynbOutputBest
      _       -> fail $ "Unknown ipynb output type " ++ show t

-- | Data structure for command line options.
data Opt = Opt
    { optTabStop               :: Int     -- ^ Number of spaces per tab
    , optPreserveTabs          :: Bool    -- ^ Preserve tabs instead of converting to spaces
    , optStandalone            :: Bool    -- ^ Include header, footer
    , optFrom                  :: Maybe Text  -- ^ Reader format
    , optTo                    :: Maybe Text  -- ^ Writer format
    , optTableOfContents       :: Bool    -- ^ Include table of contents
    , optShiftHeadingLevelBy   :: Int     -- ^ Shift heading level by
    , optTemplate              :: Maybe FilePath  -- ^ Custom template
    , optVariables             :: Context Text    -- ^ Template variables to set
    , optMetadata              :: Meta -- ^ Metadata fields to set
    , optMetadataFiles         :: [FilePath]  -- ^ Name of YAML metadata files
    , optOutputFile            :: Maybe FilePath  -- ^ Name of output file
    , optInputFiles            :: Maybe [FilePath] -- ^ Names of input files
    , optNumberSections        :: Bool    -- ^ Number sections in LaTeX
    , optNumberOffset          :: [Int]   -- ^ Starting number for sections
    , optSectionDivs           :: Bool    -- ^ Put sections in div tags in HTML
    , optIncremental           :: Bool    -- ^ Use incremental lists in Slidy/Slideous/S5
    , optSelfContained         :: Bool    -- ^ Make HTML accessible offline
    , optHtmlQTags             :: Bool    -- ^ Use <q> tags in HTML
    , optHighlightStyle        :: Maybe Text -- ^ Style to use for highlighted code
    , optSyntaxDefinitions     :: [FilePath]  -- ^ xml syntax defs to load
    , optTopLevelDivision      :: TopLevelDivision -- ^ Type of the top-level divisions
    , optHTMLMathMethod        :: HTMLMathMethod -- ^ Method to print HTML math
    , optAbbreviations         :: Maybe FilePath -- ^ Path to abbrevs file
    , optReferenceDoc          :: Maybe FilePath -- ^ Path of reference doc
    , optEpubSubdirectory      :: String -- ^ EPUB subdir in OCF container
    , optEpubMetadata          :: Maybe FilePath   -- ^ EPUB metadata
    , optEpubFonts             :: [FilePath] -- ^ EPUB fonts to embed
    , optEpubChapterLevel      :: Int     -- ^ Header level at which to split chapters
    , optEpubCoverImage        :: Maybe FilePath -- ^ Cover image for epub
    , optTOCDepth              :: Int     -- ^ Number of levels to include in TOC
    , optDumpArgs              :: Bool    -- ^ Output command-line arguments
    , optIgnoreArgs            :: Bool    -- ^ Ignore command-line arguments
    , optVerbosity             :: Verbosity  -- ^ Verbosity of diagnostic output
    , optTrace                 :: Bool  -- ^ Enable tracing
    , optLogFile               :: Maybe FilePath -- ^ File to write JSON log output
    , optFailIfWarnings        :: Bool    -- ^ Fail on warnings
    , optReferenceLinks        :: Bool    -- ^ Use reference links in writing markdown, rst
    , optReferenceLocation     :: ReferenceLocation -- ^ location for footnotes and link references in markdown output
    , optDpi                   :: Int     -- ^ Dpi
    , optWrap                  :: WrapOption  -- ^ Options for wrapping text
    , optColumns               :: Int     -- ^ Line length in characters
    , optFilters               :: [Filter] -- ^ Filters to apply
    , optEmailObfuscation      :: ObfuscationMethod
    , optIdentifierPrefix      :: Text
    , optStripEmptyParagraphs  :: Bool -- ^ Strip empty paragraphs
    , optIndentedCodeClasses   :: [Text] -- ^ Default classes for indented code blocks
    , optDataDir               :: Maybe FilePath
    , optCiteMethod            :: CiteMethod -- ^ Method to output cites
    , optListings              :: Bool       -- ^ Use listings package for code blocks
    , optPdfEngine             :: Maybe String -- ^ Program to use for latex/html -> pdf
    , optPdfEngineOpts         :: [String]   -- ^ Flags to pass to the engine
    , optSlideLevel            :: Maybe Int  -- ^ Header level that creates slides
    , optSetextHeaders         :: Bool       -- ^ Use atx headers for markdown level 1-2
    , optAscii                 :: Bool       -- ^ Prefer ascii output
    , optDefaultImageExtension :: Text       -- ^ Default image extension
    , optExtractMedia          :: Maybe FilePath -- ^ Path to extract embedded media
    , optTrackChanges          :: TrackChanges -- ^ Accept or reject MS Word track-changes.
    , optFileScope             :: Bool         -- ^ Parse input files before combining
    , optTitlePrefix           :: Maybe Text     -- ^ Prefix for title
    , optCss                   :: [FilePath]       -- ^ CSS files to link to
    , optIpynbOutput           :: IpynbOutput      -- ^ How to treat ipynb output blocks
    , optIncludeBeforeBody     :: [FilePath]       -- ^ Files to include before
    , optIncludeAfterBody      :: [FilePath]       -- ^ Files to include after body
    , optIncludeInHeader       :: [FilePath]       -- ^ Files to include in header
    , optResourcePath          :: [FilePath] -- ^ Path to search for images etc
    , optRequestHeaders        :: [(Text, Text)] -- ^ Headers for HTTP requests
    , optNoCheckCertificate    :: Bool       -- ^ Disable certificate validation
    , optEol                   :: LineEnding -- ^ Style of line-endings to use
    , optStripComments         :: Bool       -- ^ Skip HTML comments
    } deriving (Generic, Show)

instance FromYAML (Opt -> Opt) where
  parseYAML (Mapping _ _ m) =
    foldr (.) id <$> mapM doOpt (M.toList m)
  parseYAML n = failAtNode n "Expected a mapping"

doOpt :: (Node Pos, Node Pos) -> Parser (Opt -> Opt)
doOpt (k',v) = do
  k <- case k' of
         Scalar _ (SStr t) -> return t
         Scalar _ _ -> failAtNode k' "Non-string key"
         _ -> failAtNode k' "Non-scalar key"
  case k of
    "tab-stop" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optTabStop = x })
    "preserve-tabs" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optPreserveTabs = x })
    "standalone" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optStandalone = x })
    "table-of-contents" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optTableOfContents = x })
    "toc" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optTableOfContents = x })
    "from" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optFrom = x })
    "reader" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optFrom = x })
    "to" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optTo = x })
    "writer" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optTo = x })
    "shift-heading-level-by" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optShiftHeadingLevelBy = x })
    "template" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optTemplate = unpack <$> x })
    "variables" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optVariables =
                                               x <> optVariables o })
      -- Note: x comes first because <> for Context is left-biased union
      -- and we want to favor later default files. See #5988.
    "metadata" ->
      yamlToMeta v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optMetadata = optMetadata o <> x })
    "metadata-files" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x ->
                        return (\o -> o{ optMetadataFiles =
                                           optMetadataFiles o <>
                                           map unpack x })
    "metadata-file" -> -- allow either a list or a single value
      (parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optMetadataFiles =
                                                optMetadataFiles o <>
                                                map unpack x }))
      <|>
      (parseYAML v >>= \x ->
                        return (\o -> o{ optMetadataFiles =
                                           optMetadataFiles o <>[unpack x] }))
    "output-file" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optOutputFile = unpack <$> x })
    "input-files" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optInputFiles =
                                              optInputFiles o <>
                                                (map unpack <$> x) })
    "input-file" -> -- allow either a list or a single value
      (parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optInputFiles =
                                                optInputFiles o <>
                                                  (map unpack <$> x) }))
      <|>
      (parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optInputFiles =
                                                optInputFiles o <>
                                                ((\z -> [unpack z]) <$> x)
                                            }))
    "number-sections" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optNumberSections = x })
    "number-offset" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optNumberOffset = x })
    "section-divs" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optSectionDivs = x })
    "incremental" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optIncremental = x })
    "self-contained" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optSelfContained = x })
    "html-q-tags" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optHtmlQTags = x })
    "highlight-style" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optHighlightStyle = x })
    "syntax-definition" ->
      (parseYAML v >>= \x ->
                return (\o -> o{ optSyntaxDefinitions =
                                   optSyntaxDefinitions o <> map unpack x }))
      <|>
      (parseYAML v >>= \x ->
             return (\o -> o{ optSyntaxDefinitions =
                                 optSyntaxDefinitions o <> [unpack x] }))
    "syntax-definitions" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x ->
             return (\o -> o{ optSyntaxDefinitions =
                                optSyntaxDefinitions o <> map unpack x })
    "top-level-division" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optTopLevelDivision = x })
    "html-math-method" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optHTMLMathMethod = x })
    "abbreviations" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x ->
             return (\o -> o{ optAbbreviations = unpack <$> x })
    "reference-doc" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x ->
             return (\o -> o{ optReferenceDoc = unpack <$> x })
    "epub-subdirectory" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x ->
             return (\o -> o{ optEpubSubdirectory = unpack x })
    "epub-metadata" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x ->
             return (\o -> o{ optEpubMetadata = unpack <$> x })
    "epub-fonts" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optEpubFonts = optEpubFonts o <>
                                               map unpack x })
    "epub-chapter-level" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optEpubChapterLevel = x })
    "epub-cover-image" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x ->
             return (\o -> o{ optEpubCoverImage = unpack <$> x })
    "toc-depth" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optTOCDepth = x })
    "dump-args" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optDumpArgs = x })
    "ignore-args" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optIgnoreArgs = x })
    "verbosity" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optVerbosity = x })
    "trace" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optTrace = x })
    "log-file" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optLogFile = unpack <$> x })
    "fail-if-warnings" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optFailIfWarnings = x })
    "reference-links" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optReferenceLinks = x })
    "reference-location" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optReferenceLocation = x })
    "dpi" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optDpi = x })
    "wrap" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optWrap = x })
    "columns" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optColumns = x })
    "filters" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optFilters = optFilters o <> x })
    "email-obfuscation" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optEmailObfuscation = x })
    "identifier-prefix" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x ->
             return (\o -> o{ optIdentifierPrefix = x })
    "strip-empty-paragraphs" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optStripEmptyParagraphs = x })
    "indented-code-classes" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x ->
             return (\o -> o{ optIndentedCodeClasses = x })
    "data-dir" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optDataDir = unpack <$> x })
    "cite-method" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optCiteMethod = x })
    "listings" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optListings = x })
    "pdf-engine" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optPdfEngine = unpack <$> x })
    "pdf-engine-opts" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x ->
             return (\o -> o{ optPdfEngineOpts = map unpack x })
    "pdf-engine-opt" ->
      (parseYAML v >>= \x ->
             return (\o -> o{ optPdfEngineOpts = map unpack x }))
      <|>
      (parseYAML v >>= \x ->
             return (\o -> o{ optPdfEngineOpts = [unpack x] }))
    "slide-level" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optSlideLevel = x })
    "atx-headers" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optSetextHeaders = not x })
    "ascii" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optAscii = x })
    "default-image-extension" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x ->
             return (\o -> o{ optDefaultImageExtension = x })
    "extract-media" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x ->
             return (\o -> o{ optExtractMedia = unpack <$> x })
    "track-changes" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optTrackChanges = x })
    "file-scope" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optFileScope = x })
    "title-prefix" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optTitlePrefix = x,
                                             optStandalone = True })
    "css" ->
      (parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optCss = optCss o <>
                                                 map unpack x }))
      <|>
      (parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optCss = optCss o <>
                                                [unpack x] }))
    "bibliography" ->
      do let addItem x o = o{ optMetadata =
                                 addMeta "bibliography" (T.unpack x)
                                    (optMetadata o) }
         (parseYAML v >>= \(xs :: [Text]) -> return $ \o ->
                                                    foldr addItem o xs)
          <|>
          (parseYAML v >>= \(x :: Text) -> return $ \o -> addItem x o)
    "csl" ->
      do let addItem x o = o{ optMetadata =
                                 addMeta "csl" (T.unpack x)
                                   (optMetadata o) }
         (parseYAML v >>= \(xs :: [Text]) -> return $ \o ->
                                                    foldr addItem o xs)
          <|>
          (parseYAML v >>= \(x :: Text) -> return $ \o -> addItem x o)
    "ipynb-output" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optIpynbOutput = x })
    "include-before-body" ->
      (parseYAML v >>= \x ->
             return (\o -> o{ optIncludeBeforeBody =
                                optIncludeBeforeBody o <> map unpack x }))
      <|>
      (parseYAML v >>= \x ->
             return (\o -> o{ optIncludeBeforeBody =
                                optIncludeBeforeBody o <> [unpack x] }))
    "include-after-body" ->
      (parseYAML v >>= \x ->
             return (\o -> o{ optIncludeAfterBody =
                                optIncludeAfterBody o <> map unpack x }))
      <|>
      (parseYAML v >>= \x ->
             return (\o -> o{ optIncludeAfterBody =
                                optIncludeAfterBody o <> [unpack x] }))
    "include-in-header" ->
      (parseYAML v >>= \x ->
             return (\o -> o{ optIncludeInHeader =
                                optIncludeInHeader o <> map unpack x }))
      <|>
      (parseYAML v >>= \x ->
             return (\o -> o{ optIncludeInHeader =
                                optIncludeInHeader o <> [unpack x] }))
    "resource-path" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x ->
             return (\o -> o{ optResourcePath = map unpack x })
    "request-headers" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x ->
             return (\o -> o{ optRequestHeaders = x })
    "no-check-certificate" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x ->
             return (\o -> o{ optNoCheckCertificate = x })
    "eol" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o{ optEol = x })
    "strip-comments" ->
      parseYAML v >>= \x -> return (\o -> o  { optStripComments = x })
    _ -> failAtNode k' $ "Unknown option " ++ show k

-- | Defaults for command-line options.
defaultOpts :: Opt
defaultOpts = Opt
    { optTabStop               = 4
    , optPreserveTabs          = False
    , optStandalone            = False
    , optFrom                  = Nothing
    , optTo                    = Nothing
    , optTableOfContents       = False
    , optShiftHeadingLevelBy   = 0
    , optTemplate              = Nothing
    , optVariables             = mempty
    , optMetadata              = mempty
    , optMetadataFiles         = []
    , optOutputFile            = Nothing
    , optInputFiles            = Nothing
    , optNumberSections        = False
    , optNumberOffset          = [0,0,0,0,0,0]
    , optSectionDivs           = False
    , optIncremental           = False
    , optSelfContained         = False
    , optHtmlQTags             = False
    , optHighlightStyle        = Just "pygments"
    , optSyntaxDefinitions     = []
    , optTopLevelDivision      = TopLevelDefault
    , optHTMLMathMethod        = PlainMath
    , optAbbreviations         = Nothing
    , optReferenceDoc          = Nothing
    , optEpubSubdirectory      = "EPUB"
    , optEpubMetadata          = Nothing
    , optEpubFonts             = []
    , optEpubChapterLevel      = 1
    , optEpubCoverImage        = Nothing
    , optTOCDepth              = 3
    , optDumpArgs              = False
    , optIgnoreArgs            = False
    , optVerbosity             = WARNING
    , optTrace                 = False
    , optLogFile               = Nothing
    , optFailIfWarnings        = False
    , optReferenceLinks        = False
    , optReferenceLocation     = EndOfDocument
    , optDpi                   = 96
    , optWrap                  = WrapAuto
    , optColumns               = 72
    , optFilters               = []
    , optEmailObfuscation      = NoObfuscation
    , optIdentifierPrefix      = ""
    , optStripEmptyParagraphs  = False
    , optIndentedCodeClasses   = []
    , optDataDir               = Nothing
    , optCiteMethod            = Citeproc
    , optListings              = False
    , optPdfEngine             = Nothing
    , optPdfEngineOpts         = []
    , optSlideLevel            = Nothing
    , optSetextHeaders         = True
    , optAscii                 = False
    , optDefaultImageExtension = ""
    , optExtractMedia          = Nothing
    , optTrackChanges          = AcceptChanges
    , optFileScope             = False
    , optTitlePrefix           = Nothing
    , optCss                   = []
    , optIpynbOutput           = IpynbOutputBest
    , optIncludeBeforeBody     = []
    , optIncludeAfterBody      = []
    , optIncludeInHeader       = []
    , optResourcePath          = ["."]
    , optRequestHeaders        = []
    , optNoCheckCertificate    = False
    , optEol                   = Native
    , optStripComments         = False
    }

yamlToMeta :: Node Pos -> Parser Meta
yamlToMeta (Mapping _ _ m) =
    either (fail . show) return $ runEverything (yamlMap pMetaString m)
  where
    pMetaString = pure . MetaString <$> P.manyChar P.anyChar
    runEverything p = runPure (P.readWithM p def "")
      >>= fmap (Meta . flip P.runF def)
yamlToMeta _ = return mempty

addMeta :: String -> String -> Meta -> Meta
addMeta k v meta =
  case lookupMeta k' meta of
       Nothing -> setMeta k' v' meta
       Just (MetaList xs) ->
                  setMeta k' (MetaList (xs ++ [v'])) meta
       Just x  -> setMeta k' (MetaList [x, v']) meta
 where
  v' = readMetaValue v
  k' = T.pack k

readMetaValue :: String -> MetaValue
readMetaValue s
  | s == "true"  = MetaBool True
  | s == "True"  = MetaBool True
  | s == "TRUE"  = MetaBool True
  | s == "false" = MetaBool False
  | s == "False" = MetaBool False
  | s == "FALSE" = MetaBool False
  | otherwise    = MetaString $ T.pack s


-- see https://github.com/jgm/pandoc/pull/4083
-- using generic deriving caused long compilation times
$(deriveJSON
   defaultOptions{ fieldLabelModifier = drop 11 . map toLower } ''IpynbOutput)
$(deriveJSON
   defaultOptions{ fieldLabelModifier = map toLower } ''LineEnding)
$(deriveJSON
   defaultOptions{ fieldLabelModifier =
                      camelCaseStrToHyphenated . dropWhile isLower
                 } ''Opt)