%% Oh Emacs, this is a -*- sh -*- script, despite appearance. \documentclass[12pt]{article} \usepackage{axiom} \usepackage[latin1]{inputenc} \usepackage[T1]{fontenc} \usepackage{fancyvrb} \usepackage{pslatex} \usepackage{url} \newcommand{\email}[1]{\url{#1}} \CustomVerbatimEnvironment{chunk}{Verbatim}{frame=none,fontsize=\small} \def\nwendcode{\endtrivlist \endgroup} \let\nwdocspar=\par \let\nowebsize=\small \title{The Toplevel \File{configure.ac} Pamphlet} \author{Gabriel Dos~Reis} \begin{document} \maketitle \begin{abstract} This pamphlet details the configuration process of setting up \Tool{OpenAxiom} for build from source codes. It also explains general dependencies on external tools. The configuration process scrutinizes the build, host, and target environments, and finally instantiates \File{Makefile}s for building \Tool{OpenAxiom} interpreter, compiler, libraries, and auxiliary tools where appropriate. \end{abstract} \section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} This is the top-level \Tool{Autoconf} description that sets up the minimum environment for building \Tool{OpenAxiom}. This effort strives for describing the build machinery at a sufficiently abstract level that enables interoperability with existing conventional frameworks, \eg{} the GNU build framework. The task is compounded by the fact that the existing \Tool{OpenAxiom} system is complex and very poorly documented, with blatantly conflicting or questionable codes. The \Tool{OpenAxiom} system is written for the most part in Lisp, or thereof. That in itself is a great source of portability problems\footnote{even after half a century of existence}, let alone issues related to insulation from mainstream development tools, dependence on particular Lisp implementation details, etc. A tiny part of it, mainly the interface with host operating system, is written in the C programming language. That does not improve on the portability problems. Fortunately, there are well-supported, widely used, widely available, well tested tools supporting C-derived development environments across platforms. The GNU \Tool{Autotools} being one of them. For the moment, we only make use of the \Tool{Autoconf} component. This build machinery does not use \Tool{Automake} and \Tool{Libtool}. People intending to modify this part of the build machinery are expected to be familiar with \Tool{Autotconf}. The \File{Makefile} pamphlets that compose the build machinery are written in a way that abstracts platform idiosyncracies into parameters. The purpose of the \File{configure.ac} script is to find values for those parameters, on a given platform, necessary to instantiate the \File{Makefile}s, and therefore to set up a concrete build machinery. And that task must be accomplished portably. \section{Generalities on build instantiations} \subsection{Two actors} The instantiation of the abstract build machinery description requires that we gather information from two platforms: \begin{enumerate} \item the \emph{build platform}, and \item the \emph{host platform}. \end{enumerate} The build platform is where we build the system, \eg{} where the \File{configure} script is executed. The host platform is where \Tool{OpenAxiom} will run. Note that in full generality, there is a third platform: the \emph{target platform}. It is the plaform for which we are building the system. For typical build instantiations, those three platforms are the same: we call that a \emph{native build instantiation} or just \emph{native build}. The OpenAxiom system only support native build at the moment, due to its dependence on \Tool{GCL} which supports only native build. To facilitate the porting of programs across platforms, the GNU build system has standardized on designation of platforms, called \emph{configuration names}. A configuration name used to be made of three parts\footnote{hence the term \emph{canonical triplet} in earlier versions of \Tool{Autoconf}}: \textsl{cpu--vendor--os}. Examples are [[i686-pc-linux-gnu]], or [[sparc-sun-solaris2.8]]. The \textsl{cpu} part usually designates the type of processor used on the platform. Examples are [[i686]], or [[sparc]], or [[x86_64]]. The \textsl{vendor} part formally designates the manufacturer of the platform. In many cases it is simply [[unknown]]. However, in specific cases, you can see the name of a workstation vendor such as [[sun]], or [[pc]] for an IBM PC compatible system. The \textsl{os} part can be either \textsl{system} (such as [[solaris2.8]]) or \textsl{kernel--system} (such as [[linux-gnu]]). Here is how we get the canonical names for the above three platforms: <>= AC_CANONICAL_SYSTEM open_axiom_installdir=$libdir/open-axiom/$target/$PACKAGE_VERSION AC_SUBST(open_axiom_installdir) @ After that call, the configuration names of the three platforms are available in the shell variables [[build]], [[host]], and [[target]]. \subsubsection{Cross build} As we said earlier, a native build instantiation is one where all [[build]], [[host]], and [[target]] have the same value. However, when porting programs to other platforms, it is not always possible to do a native build --- either because all the tools are not available on that machine, or because it is much more convenient to build the software on a faster machine. Both situations are quite common. Those considerations bring us to the notion of cross build instantiation (also called cross compilation). We say that the build instantiation is a \emph{cross build} when the build platform is different from the target platform; \eg{}, when [[build]] $\neq$ [[target]]. For the moment, the \Tool{OpenAxiom} base source code is written in a way that does not support cross build. However, we do want to make cross build possible; consequently we issue a warning when we detect attempt at cross build: <>= if test $build != $target; then AC_MSG_WARN([Cross build is not supported.]) AC_MSG_WARN([Please notify open-axiom-devel@open-axiom.org if you succeed.]) fi @ Note that we do not stop the configuration process because we do seek contributions for cross build support. Note that the shell variable [[cross_compiling]], set by the \Tool{Autoconf} macro [[AC_PROG_CC]], indicates whether the C compiler used is a cross compiler. \subsubsection{Canadian cross} As we said previously, most software don't care about the target platform. But compilers do. And \Tool{OpenAxiom} does because, among other things, it uses Lisp and C compilers, and it provides a Spad compiler. Another type of build instantiation arises when the host platform is different from the target platform. The resulting compiler is called a \emph{cross compiler}. Please note the distinction here: a compiler that is cross compiled with [[host]] $=$ [[target]] is not a cross compiler; it is a \emph{native compiler}. A cross compiler is one with [[host]] $\neq$ [[target]]. The type of the compiler should not be confused with the type of the build instantiation. It perfectly makes sense to have a build instantiation that cross builds a cross-compiler, \ie{} all three platforms are different: This is called \emph{Canadian cross}. The \Tool{OpenAxiom} system does not that support that level of sophistication yet. Although we could test for Canadian cross build at this point, we delay that check for when we look for a C compiler. \subsection{Directories for the build instantiation} Although \Tool{OpenAxiom} does not support cross build yet, let alone Canadian cross, we want to make sure that we do not write the build machinery in a way that actively unsupports cross build. Consequently, in the build tree, we sequester tools that we build and use on the build platform, in sub-directories different from others. <>= ## Where tools for the build platform are sequestered axiom_build_sharedir=$axiom_builddir/share @ \section{Host characteristics} As mentioned in the introduction, a small part of \Tool{OpenAxiom} is written in the C programming language. That C runtime support can be decomposed in three components: \begin{enumerate} \item core runtime support, \item graphics (including HyperDoc), and \item terminal I/O. \end{enumerate} \subsection{Core runtime} \subsubsection{Signals} The host platform must be able to handle signals. Although, this is not strictly necessary, that is the way \Tool{OpenAxiom} source code is currently written. We ask for a POSIX or ISO C semantics, though we have a strong preference for POSIX-conformant semantics. <>= AC_CHECK_HEADERS([stdint.h inttypes.h]) AC_TYPE_UINT8_T AC_CHECK_HEADERS([signal.h], [], [AC_MSG_ERROR([OpenAxiom needs signal support.])]) AC_CHECK_DECLS([sigaction], [], [], [#include ]) @ \subsubsection{Files and directtories} Some parts of \Tool{OpenAxiom} manipulate files and directories. They more or less directly reflect the underlying platform semantics. For the moment, we require POSIX semantics, though that does not seem necessary. That restriction should be removed as soon as possible. <>= AC_CHECK_HEADERS([sys/stat.h], [], [AC_MSG_ERROR([OpenAxiom needs ])]) case $host in *mingw*) ;; *) AC_CHECK_HEADERS([dirent.h], [], [AC_MSG_ERROR([OpenAxiom needs ])]) ;; esac AC_CHECK_HEADERS([unistd.h], [], [AC_MSG_ERROR([OpenAxiom needs ])]) AC_CHECK_DECLS([getuid, geteuid, getgid, getegid], [], [], [#include ]) AC_CHECK_DECLS([kill], [], [], [#include ]) @ \subsubsection{Sockets} The host environment must be capable of handling communication through sockets. This is required for interfacing \Tool{AXIOMsys} and \Tool{Superman}. Notice that ideally, we should decouple that interface in such a way that we can still build \Tool{OpenAxiom} when \Tool{Superman} is not needed or a socket library is not available. <>= case $host in *mingw*) AC_CHECK_HEADERS([winsock2.h], [axiom_host_has_socket=yes], []) axiom_c_runtime_extra="-lwsock32" ;; *) AC_CHECK_HEADERS([sys/socket.h], [axiom_host_has_socket=yes], []) ;; esac if test x$axiom_host_has_socket != xyes; then \ AC_MSG_ERROR([OpenAxiom needs suport for sockets.]) fi ## solaris-based systems tend to hide the socket library. case $host in *solaris*) AC_SEARCH_LIBS([accept], [socket], [axiom_c_runtime_extra="-lsocket"], [AC_MSG_ERROR([socket library not found])]) ;; *) ;; esac AC_SUBST(axiom_c_runtime_extra) AC_EGREP_HEADER([has_af_local], [#if HAVE_SYS_SOCKET_H # include #else # include #endif #ifdef AF_LOCAL has_af_local #endif], [AC_DEFINE([HAVE_AF_LOCAL], [1], [Host has AF_LOCAL])]) AC_EGREP_HEADER([has_af_unix], [#if HAVE_SYS_SOCKET_H # include #else # include #endif #ifdef AF_UNIX has_af_unix #endif], [AC_DEFINE([HAVE_AF_UNIX], [1], [Host has AF_UNIX])]) @ \subsection{Terminal I/O} <>= AC_CHECK_HEADERS([sys/wait.h]) if test x"$ac_cv_header_sys_wait_h" = xyes; then \ AC_CHECK_DECLS([wait], [], [], [#include ]) fi AC_CHECK_DECLS([fork], [], [], [#include ]) axiom_use_sman=1 if test x"$ac_cv_have_decl_fork" = xyes \ -a x"$ac_cv_have_decl_wait" = xyes; then \ axiom_c_runtime="$axiom_c_runtime terminal_io" axiom_src_all="$axiom_src_all all-sman all-clef" axiom_src_subdirs="$axiom_src_subdirs clef sman" AXIOM_MAKEFILE([src/clef/Makefile]) AXIOM_MAKEFILE([src/sman/Makefile]) else axiom_use_sman=0 AC_MSG_NOTICE([Superman component is disabled.]) fi AC_DEFINE_UNQUOTED([OPENAXIOM_USE_SMAN], [$axiom_use_sman], [Whether to use the session manager as driver.]) axiom_src_all="all-input $axiom_src_all" @ \subsection{Graphics} \subsubsection{Where is X11?} One of the thorniest issues with programs that use the X Window System is portability. There exist many implementations of the X11 specification, each with its own variations, extensions, and what not. Designing hand-written makefiles for such programs can be a daunting task, fraut with all kinds of traps. Fortunately, \Tool{Autoconf} provides us with some help, namely the macro [[AC_PATH_X]] and [[AC_PATH_XTRA]]. The former searches the directories where the X11 include files and the library files reside. The latter is an enhanced version that \begin{itemize} \item computes the C compiler flags required by X11; \item computes the linker flags required by X11; \item checks for special libraries that some systems need in order to compile X11 programs; \item checks for special X11R6 libraries that need to be linked before the flag [[-lX11]]. \end{itemize} <>= AC_PATH_XTRA ## Output directives for the C compiler AC_SUBST(X_CLFAGS) ## Output directives for the linker AC_SUBST(X_LIBS) ## Output any extra libraries required by X11 AC_SUBST(X_EXTRA_LIBS) ## Finally, output the list of libraries that need to appear before -lX11 ## Some part of OpenAxiom depends on Xpm. That library has kind uncertain ## future. At some point in the past, it was deprecated, to be ## replaced by xpm-nox; then came back again. So, its support may ## vary from system to system. For the moment, we assume that if X11 ## is found then, Xpm is already present. Though, clearly that is a ## very optimistic assumption. Long term, OpenAxiom should get rid of ## dependence on Xpm. A nearly fool-proof test would be probably ## inspired by AC_PATH_XTRA. I don't have time to get to that ## complication right now. Will fix later. X_PRE_LIBS="-lXpm $X_PRE_LIBS" AC_SUBST(X_PRE_LIBS) ## If the system supports X11, then build graphics axiom_use_x=no if test -z $no_x; then axiom_use_x=yes axiom_c_runtime="$axiom_c_runtime graphics" axiom_src_all="$axiom_src_all all-graph" axiom_src_subdirs="$axiom_src_subdirs graph" AXIOM_MAKEFILE([src/graph/Makefile]) AXIOM_MAKEFILE([src/graph/Gdraws/Makefile]) AXIOM_MAKEFILE([src/graph/view2D/Makefile]) AXIOM_MAKEFILE([src/graph/view3D/Makefile]) AXIOM_MAKEFILE([src/graph/viewAlone/Makefile]) AXIOM_MAKEFILE([src/graph/viewman/Makefile]) else AC_MSG_NOTICE([The Garphics component is disabled.]) fi AC_SUBST(axiom_src_all) AC_SUBST(axiom_use_x) @ \subsubsection{HyperDoc} The HyperDoc component needs string pattern matching. We require [[]], with POSIX-conformant definition. We used to key build of HyperDoc component on the availability of X11 functionalities. That, however, is a severe restriction. Not all of the HyperDoc components need X11. Some, such as [[htadd]], don't need X11 at all. Therefore we have lifted part of the restrictions. See \File{src/hyper/Makefile} for more details. Note that is we don't build the HyperDoc component, the compilation of algebra files are drawn in [[Unexpected HT command]] noise. We still haven't clean up the X11 dependencies, so we are back to the old requirements. <>= if test x"$axiom_use_x" != xyes; then AC_MSG_NOTICE([HyperDoc is disabled because it depends on X11]) else AC_CHECK_HEADER([regex.h], [axiom_src_all="$axiom_src_all all-hyper" axiom_src_subdirs="$axiom_src_subdirs hyper" AXIOM_MAKEFILE([src/hyper/Makefile])], [AC_MSG_NOTICE([HyperDoc is disabled.])]) fi @ \subsection{Lisp runtime} \subsubsection{Runtime checking} \Tool{OpenAxiom}'s Lisp runtime platform may instructed to perform runtime checking. This may be useful when chasing Heinsenbugs. It probably should be the default mode on development or experimental branches. <>= axiom_optimize_options=speed ## Shall we proclaim safety? axiom_enable_checking=no # don't turn on checking by default. AC_ARG_ENABLE([checking], [ --enable-checking turn runtime checking on], [case $enableval in yes|no) axiom_enable_checking=$enableval ;; *) AC_MSG_ERROR([erroneous value for --enable-checking]) ;; esac]) if test x"$axiom_enable_checking" = xyes; then axiom_optimize_options="$axiom_optimize_options safety" AC_MSG_NOTICE([runtime checking may increase compilation time]) fi AC_SUBST(axiom_enable_checking) AC_SUBST(axiom_optimize_options) @ \Tool{GCL} relies on the libirary \Tool{BFD}, the include headers of which may not exist (quite common). In order to avoid \Tool{GCL} build failure, we test for the existence of [[]] and the corresponding library. We configure \Tool{GCL} to use its own copy of \Tool{BFD} accordingly. FIXME: This must be taken care of by \Tool{GCL} itself. <>= axiom_host_has_libbfd= ## Check for these only if we are going to build GCL from source. case $axiom_all_prerequisites in *all-gcl*) AC_CHECK_HEADER([bfd.h]) AC_HAVE_LIBRARY([bfd], [axiom_host_has_libbfd=yes]) axiom_gcl_bfd_option= if test x"$ac_cv_header_bfd_h" = xyes \ && test x"$axiom_host_has_libbfd" = xyes; then axiom_gcl_bfd_option="--disable-dynsysbfd" else axiom_gcl_bfd_option="--disable-statsysbfd --enable-locbfd" fi ;; *) # Nothing to worry about ;; esac @ \Tool{GCL} has an elaborate memory management system and \Tool{OpenAxiom} seems to put ``unusual'' pressure on it. Here we specify some values that have been empirically known to work. <>= # axiom_gcl_mm_option="--enable-maxpage=256*1024" @ Furthermore, we don't need (at the moment) \Tool{GCL} to build support for X Window system or TCL/TK: <>= axiom_gcl_x_option="--disable-tkconfig --disable-x --disable-xgcl" @ Under some unusual circumstances, \Tool{GLC}'s \Tool{configure} will fail to properly detect usable \Tool{Emacs} directories, and the build will mysteriously fail later. We temporarily work around that bug as follows: <>= axiom_gcl_emacs="--enable-emacs=correct" @ Other aspects depend on the platform being considered. \Tool{OpenAxiom} source code had developed the appalling and irritating habit of testing for platforms, when in fact it is interested in functionalities. The outcome is an ever-growing pile increasing disgusting hacks. For example, most the XXXplatform below really have nothing to do with platforms. <>= <> PFL= CCF="-O2 -fno-strength-reduce -Wall -D_GNU_SOURCE" LDF= LISP=lsp case $target in *bsd*) AC_DEFINE([BSDplatform], [], [BSD flavour]) CCF="-O2 -pipe -fno-strength-reduce -Wall -D_GNU_SOURCE -I/usr/local/include" LDF="-L/usr/local/lib" ;; windows) AC_DEFINE([MSYSplatform], [], [MS]) SRCDIRS=bootdir interpdir sharedir algebradir etcdir docdir inputdir ;; *linux*) AC_DEFINE([LINUXplatform], [], [Linux flavour]) ;; *solaris*) AC_DEFINE([SUNplatform], [], [SunOS flavour]) ;; powerpc*darwin*) AC_DEFINE([MACOSXplatform], [], [MACOX flavour]) CCF="-O2 -fno-strength-reduce -Wall -D_GNU_SOURCE \ -I/usr/include -I/usr/include/sys" axiom_gcl_bfd_option="--disable-statsysbfd \ --enable-machine=powerpc-macosx" axiom_gcl_mm_option="--enable-vssize=65536*2" ;; esac GCLOPTS="$axiom_gcl_emacs $axiom_gcl_bfd_option $axiom_gcl_mm_option $axiom_gcl_x_option" AC_SUBST(PLF) AC_SUBST(CCF) AC_SUBST(LDF) AC_SUBST(LISP) AC_SUBST(GCLOPTS) @ The C preprocessor symbols [[BSDplatform]], [[LINUXplatform]], etc. are being used as ``catch all'' for unstructured codes. They should be removed from the source base. Any source file using those should be properly documented as its needs are, and a narrowed, specific configure test should be added. \section{The build platform} \subsection{Build utilities} Most of the tools we're testing for are with respect to the build environment. However, notice that since we only support \emph{native} build at the moment, the tests are also for the host and target platforms. <>= ## Accumulate list of utils needed for the build platform ## It is vital that noweb is present in the build environement. axiom_all_prerequisites= <> <> <> <> <> <> <> <> <> AC_SUBST(axiom_all_prerequisites) @ The next paragraphs detail each of the cluster of build utilities [[configure]] looks for. \paragraph{The \Tool{Make} program.} Of course, no build can proceed with \File{Tool} inexisting from the build-environment. We insist on GNU \Tool{Make} program as there are way too many variations, way too many incompatible implementations and extensions. Please, note that this requirement just reflects \Tool{OpenAxiom}'s dependencies on external toos: \Tool{OpenAxiom} relies on \Tool{GCL}, which in turn uses \Tool{GCC}. Building \Tool{GCC} requires \Tool{GNU Make}, and \Tool{GCL} itself requires \Tool{GNU Make}. <>= case $build in *linux*) # GNU/Linux systems come equipped with GNU Make, called `make' AC_CHECK_PROGS([MAKE], [make], [AC_MSG_ERROR([Make utility missing.])]) ;; *) # Other systems tend to spell it `gmake' and such AC_CHECK_PROGS([MAKE], [gmake make], [AC_MSG_ERROR([Make utility missing.])]) if ! $MAKE --version | grep 'GNU' 2>/dev/null; then AC_MSG_ERROR([OpenAxiom build system needs GNU Make.]) fi ;; esac @ \paragraph{C compiler} First of all, check for a C compiler. As written, this test is OK because currently we support only native builds. However, it needs to be more carefully written when we move to cross-compilation. OpenAxiom, in its current form, cannot be compiled with a C compiler other than from GNU. We take that as a requirement. <>= ## Make sure the C compiler is from GCC AC_PROG_CC if test x$GCC != xyes; then AC_MSG_ERROR([We need a C compiler from GCC]) fi axiom_cflags="-O2 -fno-strength-reduce -Wall -D_GNU_SOURCE" AC_SUBST(axiom_cflags) ## What is the extension of object files on this platform? AC_OBJEXT AC_DEFINE_UNQUOTED([OPENAXIOM_EXEEXT], ["$ac_cv_exeext"], [Extension of executable file.]) @ \paragraph{File utils} Then, check for a usable [[install]] program. Also, find out way to hard- or soft-link files. After a recent migration to \Tool{Autoconf-2.60}, it turns out that all possibilities of soft-linking are tried (to ``play safe''), and if any variation fails then, [[LN_S]] is defined to [[cp -p]], which works only for files as sources. But, the only way we currently use [[LN_S]] is when the first argument is a directory. So, the ``portability help'' we get from \Tool{Autoconf} is no help. Consequently, the test for [[ln -s]] is commented out for the moment. <>= AC_PROG_INSTALL # AC_PROG_LN_S AC_CHECK_PROG([TOUCH], [touch], [touch], [AC_MSG_ERROR(['touch' program is missing.])]) AC_CHECK_PROGS([MKTEMP], [mktemp]) @ \paragraph{The [[awk]] program} The old build machinery needs 'awk'. Currently, it checks for 'gawk', 'nawk', and 'awk'. Autoconf has a predefined test for that task. It checks for 'gawk', 'mawk', 'nawk', and 'awk' in that order. That should be OK and match OpenAxiom's need. The old build system claims that on solaris9, gawk, gtar and gpatch are required (with no much explanation of why). Notice that these programs are needed only to build OpenAxiom; so we do check based on the value of [[build]]. <>= case $build in *-solaris9) AC_CHECK_PROG([AWK], [gawk], [gawk], [AC_MSG_ERROR([OpenAxiom needs gawk])]) AC_CHECK_PROG([PATCH], [gpatch], [gptach], [AC_MSG_ERROR([OpenAxiom needs gpatch])]) ;; *) AC_PROG_AWK AC_CHECK_PROGS([PATCH], [gpatch patch], [AC_MSG_ERROR([OpenAxiom needs a patch program])]) ;; esac @ \paragraph{Binary utils.} We need to know how to put object files into archives. <>= AC_CHECK_PROG([AR], [ar], [ar], [AC_MSG_ERROR([program 'ar' is missing])]) @ \paragraph{Doc utils.} OpenAxiom sources is literate, and it uses the \Tool{noweb} technology. \Tool{noweb} is used to extract both the actual source code from the pamphlet files, and the documentation as \LaTeX{} source files. There are many platforms on which \Tool{noweb} is not installed by default. There is tarball of the dependencies on OpenAxiom's web site to people to grab in case they don't have \Tool{noweb} or \Tool{GCL}. What we do is that if noweb is not found, then we try to build one from the tarball of dependency. For that to work, the protocol is that the user has placed \Tool{noweb}'s source files in a directory named \File{noweb/} at the top level. Normally, this works right when one follows the installation instructions. % <>= AC_PATH_PROG([LATEX], [latex]) AC_CHECK_PROGS([MAKEINDEX], [makeindex]) if test -n "$LATEX"; then \ : else AC_MSG_NOTICE([Documentation is disabled.]) fi ## --------------------------------------- ## Make sure noweb executable is available ## --------------------------------------- AC_CHECK_PROGS([NOTANGLE], [notangle]) AC_CHECK_PROGS([NOWEAVE], [noweave]) ## In case noweb is missing we need to build our own. if test -z $NOTANGLE -o -z $NOWEAVE ; then ## Yes, but do we have the source files to build from? if test ! -d ${srcdir}/noweb; then AC_MSG_NOTICE([OpenAxiom requires noweb utilties]) AC_MSG_ERROR([Please get the tarball of dependencies and reconfigure]) fi NOTANGLE='$(axiom_build_bindir)/notangle' NOWEAVE='$(axiom_build_bindir)/noweave' axiom_all_prerequisites="$axiom_all_prerequisites all-noweb" fi @ \paragraph{The Lisp platform.} \Tool{OpenAxiom} uses Lisp as its main platform. If no Lisp implementation is available in the build environment (or if \Tool{OpenAxiom} is told not to look for one) then \Tool{OpenAxiom} must build its own version from the copy of \Tool{GCL} sources it keeps in the \File{gcl/} directory. <>= ## ------------------------ ## -- Which Lisp to use? -- ## ------------------------ ## ## We will default to GCL later, if no lisp implementation is specified. axiom_lisp= axiom_lisp_flavor=unknown AC_ARG_WITH([lisp], [ --with-lisp=L use L as Lisp platform], [axiom_lisp=$withval]) @ The [[configure]] option \verb!--with-lisp=L! specifies which Lisp implementation flavor to use for building OpenAxiom. For all values of [[L]], except \Tool{GCL}, the assumption is that the Lisp image [[L]] is available in the build environment. For \Tool{GCL}, we make an exception: if no GCL image is available, or if the option \verb!--enable-gcl! is specified then \Tool{OpenAxiom} builds its own version from the source tree. <>= ## If --enable-gcl is specified, we need to check for coonsistency axiom_include_gcl= if test -z $axiom_lisp; then AC_ARG_ENABLE([gcl], [ --enable-gcl build GCL from OpenAxiom source], [case $enableval in yes|no) axiom_include_gcl=$enableval ;; *) AC_MSG_ERROR([erroneous value for --enable-gcl]) ;; esac]) fi @ Do we need to build our own version of \Tool{GCL}? The answer is yes, if \begin{itemize} \item the option \verb!--with-lisp! is not specified, and no Lisp image is available in the build environment; or \item we found a \Tool{GCL} image, but it is too old for OpenAxiom. \end{itemize} Consequently, we need to check for \Tool{GCL} and its version: <>= ## We need to build our own GCL if none is avalaible, or the existing ## one is too old. if test -z $axiom_lisp; then AC_CHECK_PROGS([AXIOM_LISP], [gcl sbcl clisp]) ## A lisp may not be available AND the GCL source may also ## be missing. Instruct user to either build one or get ## the dependencies from our website. if test x$AXIOM_LISP = xgcl; then AC_MSG_CHECKING([$AXIOM_LISP version]) v=`$AXIOM_LISP -batch -eval "(format t \"~S\" (lisp-implementation-version))"` AC_MSG_RESULT([$v]) case $v in *2.6.7*|*2.6.8*) ;; # OK *) AC_MSG_WARN([$v is not supported by this version of OpenAxiom. $AXIOM_LISP will be ignored.]) AXIOM_LISP= ;; esac fi if test -z $AXIOM_LISP && test ! -d ${srcdir}/gcl; then AC_MSG_ERROR([OpenAxiom requires a Lisp system. Either separately build one (GCL-2.6.7, GCL-2.6.8, SBCL, CLisp), or get the dependency tarball from OpenAxiom download website.]) fi axiom_lisp=$AXIOM_LISP else ## Honor use of Lisp image specified on command line AXIOM_LISP=$axiom_lisp AC_SUBST(AXIOM_LISP) : fi @ We may be presented with incoherent options if \begin{itemize} \item \verb!--disable-gcl! is used without specifying a Lisp image, or \item \verb!--with-lisp! is used but we are also told to build \Tool{GCL}. \end{itemize} <>= ## Coherence check for GCL inclusion. case $axiom_include_gcl,$axiom_lisp in ,|no,|yes*) ## It doesn't make sense not to include GCL when no Lisp image ## is available. Give up. if test $axiom_include_gcl,$AXIOM_LISP = no,; then AC_MSG_ERROR([--disable-gcl specified but no GCL image found]) fi ## No Lisp image was specified and none was available from ## the build environment; build GCL from OpenAxiom source. ## User may explicilty specify --enable-gcl, but may be missing ## the dependency tarball. if test ! -d ${srcdir}/gcl; then AC_MSG_ERROR([The OpenAxiom dependency tarball is missing; please get it from our website.]) fi AXIOM_LISP='$(axiom_build_bindir)/gcl' axiom_all_prerequisites="$axiom_all_prerequisites all-gcl" axiom_include_gcl=yes axiom_lisp_flavor=gcl axiom_fasl_type=o ;; yes,*) AC_MSG_ERROR([--with-lisp=$axiom_lisp conflicts with --enable-gcl]) ;; *) ## As of this writting, the Lisp systems ECL, GCL, SBCL, and CLisp all ## understands the command line option --help, though they do ## behave very differently. Some of them just print out the ## help information and exits. Others, such as GCL, think they ## must enter a read-eval-print loop (which isn't very helpful). AC_MSG_CHECKING([which flavor of Lisp]) what=`echo '(quit)' | $axiom_lisp --help` case $what in *GCL*) axiom_lisp_flavor=gcl ;; *ecl*) axiom_lisp_flavor=ecl ;; *sbcl*) axiom_lisp_flavor=sbcl ;; *CLISP*) ## Not all variants of CLisp have FFI support. FFI is used ## internally used by OpenAxiom in essential way. if ! $axiom_lisp -q -x '*features*' | grep ':FFI' 2>/dev/null then AC_MSG_ERROR([$axiom_lisp does not support Foreign Function Interface. Please upgrade to a better version of CLisp or install SBCL.]) fi axiom_lisp_flavor=clisp ;; esac AC_MSG_RESULT([$axiom_lisp_flavor]) esac AC_SUBST(axiom_include_gcl) AC_SUBST(axiom_lisp_flavor) AC_DEFINE_UNQUOTED([OPENAXIOM_BASE_RTS], [openaxiom_${axiom_lisp_flavor}_runtime], [The kind of base runtime system for this build.]) ## The following is a horrible hack to arrange for GCL to successfully ## rebuild symbol tables with "rsym" on Windows platform. It should ## go away as soon as GCL upstream is fixed. case $axiom_lisp_flavor,$target in gcl,*mingw*) axiom_gcl_rsym_hack='d=`echo "(format nil \"~a\" si::*system-directory*)" | $(AXIOM_LISP) | grep "/gcl.*/" | sed -e "s,\",,g"`; cp $$d/rsym$(EXEEXT) .' ;; *) ## Breath. axiom_gcl_rsym_hack=':' ;; esac AC_SUBST(axiom_gcl_rsym_hack) @ \paragraph{Lisp system options.} Lisp implementations greatly vary in the command line options they support. Here we attempt to abstract over those variations of Lisp systems we plan to support. In particular, we need to know how to iinvoke a Lisp compiler with a set of files to process in batch mode. <>= ## How are we supposed to tell the Lisp system to eval an expression ## in batch mode? What is the extension of a compiled Lisp file? case $axiom_lisp_flavor in gcl) axiom_quiet_flags='-batch' axiom_eval_flags='-eval' ;; ecl) axiom_quiet_flags= axiom_eval_flags='-eval' ;; sbcl) axiom_quiet_flags='--noinform --noprint' axiom_eval_flags='--eval' ;; clisp) axiom_quiet_flags='--quiet' axiom_eval_flags='-x' ;; *) AC_MSG_ERROR([We do not know how to build OpenAxiom this $axiom_lisp]) ;; esac AC_SUBST(axiom_quiet_flags) AC_SUBST(axiom_eval_flags) @ \paragraph{Compiled Lisp file extensions.} The file extension for compiled Lisp files is implementation defined. There does not seem to have an established existing practice as would be found in the majority of Unix world. Consequently we need to determine that by looking at the Lisp type of the pathname that Lisp's [[compile-file]] would produce. <>= if test -z $axiom_fasl_type; then AC_MSG_CHECKING([compiled Lisp file extension]) ## We set the IFS to as we don't want automatic ## replacement of by . axiom_save_IFS=$IFS IFS=' ' axiom_fasl_type=`$axiom_lisp $axiom_quiet_flags $axiom_eval_flags '(progn (format t "axiom_fasl_type=~a" (pathname-type (compile-file-pathname "foo.lisp" #+:ecl :type #+:ecl :object))) (quit))'` ## Now pull out the fasl type. ECL has the habit of spitting noise ## about internal loading. Therefore, we must look only for a line that ## begins with axiom_fasl_type. axiom_fasl_type=`echo $axiom_fasl_type | grep '^axiom_fasl_type'` IFS=$axiom_save_IFS axiom_fasl_type=`echo $axiom_fasl_type | sed -e 's/axiom_fasl_type=//'` if test -z $axiom_fasl_type; then AC_MSG_ERROR([Could not determine extension for compiled Lisp files]) fi AC_MSG_RESULT([$axiom_fasl_type]) fi AC_SUBST(axiom_fasl_type) @ \paragraph{Native data types} OpenAxiom needs to communicate to the hosting operation systems through a set of C interface. Consequently we need an automated translation mechanism that shields Boot code from the variability of Lisp systems for so-called `foreign function interface'. Here, we compute a translation table for supported Lisp systems. This table is used by the Boot translator for generating codes for import of native routines. <>= case $axiom_lisp_flavor in gcl) void_type='void' char_type='char' int_type='int' float_type='float' double_type='double' string_type='string' pointer_type='object' ;; sbcl) void_type='sb-alien:void' char_type='sb-alien:char' int_type='sb-alien:int' float_type='sb-alien:float' double_type='sb-alien:double' string_type='sb-alien:c-string' pointer_type='sb-alien:system-area-pointer' ;; clisp) void_type='nil' char_type='ffi:character' int_type='ffi:int' float_type='ffi:single-float' double_type='ffi:double-float' string_type='ffi:c-string' pointer_type='ffi:c-pointer' ;; ecl) void_type=':void' char_type=':char' int_type=':int' float_type=':float' double_type=':double' string_type=':cstring' pointer_type=':pointer-void' ;; *) AC_MSG_ERROR([We do not know how to translate native types for this Lisp]) ;; esac AC_SUBST(void_type) AC_SUBST(char_type) AC_SUBST(int_type) AC_SUBST(float_type) AC_SUBST(double_type) AC_SUBST(string_type) AC_SUBST(pointer_type) @ \section{Configuration options} \label{sec:config-options} We strive for making \Tool{OpenAxiom}'s build system integrate as seamlessly as possibly into the standard GNU build framework. \subsection{Standard options} \label{sec:config-options:std} At the moment, we honor the following options: \begin{description} \item \verb!--prefix!: By default, \Tool{OpenAxiom}'s build system will install files in ``\File{/usr/local}''. However, you can select a different location prefix using this option. \item \verb!--with-x!: \item \verb!--x-includes=DIR! \item \verb!--x-libraries=DIR! \item \verb!--help! \item \verb!--version! \end{description} \subsection{\Tool{OpenAxiom}-specific options} \label{sec:config-options:axiom-specific} \begin{description} \item \verb!--enable-gcl!: \Tool{OpenAxiom} needs an implementation of Lisp to support its runtime system. At the moment, GNU Common Lisp (\Tool{GCL} for short) is used. This options instructs \Tool{OpenAxiom} to build its own copy of \Tool{GCL}. Use \verb!--disable-gcl! to prevent OpenAxiom from building \Tool{GCL}. \item \verb!--with-lisp=L!: instructs \Tool{OpenAxiom} to use the Lisp image [[L]] for its runtime platform. \item \verb!--enable-checking!: instructs \Tool{OpenAxiom}'s Lisp image to perform runtime checking for generated Lisp codes. \end{description} \section{Basic Setup} \label{sec:basic-setup} \subsection{\Tool{Autoconf} Initialization} \label{sec:basic-setup:init} The \Tool{Autoconf} machinery needs to be initialized with several pieces of information: \begin{itemize} \item the \emph{name} of the system --- ``OpenAxiom 1.2.0'' \item its \emph{version}. I choose to use the date of last checkin. It should probably include the revision number so as to unambiguously identify which \Tool{OpenAxiom} flavour du jour is being built; \item and where to send feedback, \emph{e.g.} bug reports. At the moment, we use the \email{open-axiom-devel} list. That could change in the future if we reach a high volume traffic. For the moment, we don't seem to suffer from traffic... \end{itemize} <>= sinclude(config/open-axiom.m4) sinclude(config/aclocal.m4) AC_INIT([OpenAxiom], [1.2.0-2008-05-10], [open-axiom-bugs@lists.sf.net]) @ \Tool{Autoconf} needs some auxilary files that are present in the sub-directory \File{config}: <>= AC_CONFIG_AUX_DIR(config) AC_CONFIG_MACRO_DIR(config) @ Not all platforms present the same operating system API to applications. For the part of \Tool{OpenAxiom} written in the C programming language, we can collect, in a single file, variabilities in operating system API in form of C preprocessor macros. That file is for the most part automatically generated by \Tool{Autoheader}. <>= AC_CONFIG_HEADERS([config/openaxiom-c-macros.h]) @ Note that at configuration time, \Tool{configure} will instantiate a file \File{config/openaxiom-c-macros.h} in the directory [[$(top_builddir)]], appropriate for all C sub-parts of \Tool{OpenAxiom} to include. Notice that since we don't use Automake (yet), we don't initialize the Automake subsystem. <>= # AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE([foreign]) @ We require Autoconf $2.60$ or higher from the developer part. Please, note that this is no requirement on the user build environment. All, it means is that if someone makes changes to the current \File{configure.ac} file, that someone needs to have Autoconf $2.60$ or higher to process this file in order to regenerate \File{configure}. <>= AC_PREREQ([2.60]) @ \subsection{Source tree sanity check} \label{sec:basic-setup:sanity-check} The \Tool{Autoconf} system implements a very basic, simple-minded, sanity check whereby it will refuse to run \File{configure} if the source tree does not contain a specified file, that serves a witness for a bona fide source tree. Here, we use \File{Makefile.pamphlet} from the \File{src} subdirectory. <>= AC_CONFIG_SRCDIR(src/Makefile.pamphlet) @ \subsubsection{Instantiating configuration files} <>= AXIOM_MAKEFILE([Makefile]) AXIOM_MAKEFILE([src/Makefile]) AXIOM_MAKEFILE([src/lib/Makefile]) AXIOM_MAKEFILE([src/driver/Makefile]) AXIOM_MAKEFILE([src/lisp/Makefile]) AXIOM_MAKEFILE([src/boot/Makefile]) AXIOM_MAKEFILE([src/interp/Makefile]) AXIOM_MAKEFILE([src/share/Makefile]) AXIOM_MAKEFILE([src/algebra/Makefile]) AXIOM_MAKEFILE([src/input/Makefile]) AXIOM_MAKEFILE([src/etc/Makefile]) AXIOM_MAKEFILE([src/doc/Makefile]) ## We now generate the "document" script and support files at configure time. ## We put them in the build directory because they are intended to be ## build support utils only. AC_CONFIG_FILES(build/scripts/document:$srcdir/src/scripts/document.in, \ [chmod +x build/scripts/document]) AC_OUTPUT ## Generate rules for Algebra bootstrap files. echo -n "building list of Algebra bootstrap files..." egrep ".*BOOTSTRAP>>=" $srcdir/src/algebra/*.spad.pamphlet \ | sort | uniq | \ while IFS=':' read spad_file chunk_desc; do chunk_desc=`echo $chunk_desc | sed -e 's,@<<,,' -e 's,>>=,,'` set $chunk_desc; bootstrap_file=$1 cat >> src/algebra/tmp-extract-lisp-files.mk <>=' \ $srcdir/src/algebra/*.spad.pamphlet \ | sort | uniq | \ while IFS=':' read spad_file chunk_desc; do chunk_desc=`echo $chunk_desc | sed -e 's,@<<,,' -e 's,>>=,,'` set $chunk_desc; spad_abbrev=$2 cat >> src/algebra/tmp-extract-spad.mk <>= oa_use_libtool_for_shared_lib=yes oa_shrobj_flags= oa_shrlib_flags= # Tell Libtool to assume `dlopen' so that it does not have to # emulate it. AC_LIBTOOL_DLOPEN AC_LIBTOOL_WIN32_DLL AC_PROG_LIBTOOL AC_SUBST(LIBTOOL_DEPS) # Give me extension of libraries eval shared_ext=\"$shrext_cmds\" AC_SUBST(shared_ext) AC_SUBST(libext) # Don't use Libtool for building actual DLLs on MinGW and Cygwin case $host in *mingw*|*cygwin*) oa_use_libtool_for_shared_lib=no oa_shrobj_flags='-prefer-pic' oa_shrlib_flags="-shared --export-all-symbols" ;; *darwin*) oa_shrobj_flags='-dynamic' oa_shrlib_flags='-dynamiclib -undefined suppress -flat_namespace' ;; *) oa_shrobj_flags='-prefer-pic' oa_shrlib_flags='-shared -module' ;; esac AC_SUBST(oa_use_libtool_for_shared_lib) AC_SUBST(oa_shrobj_flags) AC_SUBST(oa_shrlib_flags) @ \section{configure.ac} <<*>>= <> <> <> <> axiom_src_subdirs="lib lisp boot interp share algebra input etc doc" AC_SUBST(axiom_src_subdirs) <> ## On Windows system, we prefer the default installation ## location to be 'C:/Program Files/OpenAxiom', following Windows ## convention. We cannot use AC_PREFIX_DEFAULT directly as it seems ## to operate unconditionally. Therefore, we resort to this dirty ## trick stepping over Autoconf's internals. case $host in *mingw*) ac_default_prefix="C:/Program Files/OpenAxiom" ;; *) ;; esac <> # FIXME: Move this out of here. axiom_c_runtime= AC_SUBST(axiom_c_runtime) <> <> <> <> echo "Type '${MAKE}' (without quotes) to build OpenAxiom" @ \section{A note about comments} \label{sec:comment} This is a pamphlet file. That means the source code embedded here are first extracted into a form (\File{configure.ac}) digestible by \Tool{Autoconf}, which in turn produces the end-user \File{configure} script run for setting up the build. \Tool{Autoconf} supports two kinds of comments: \begin{enumerate} \item [[dnl]] style, and \item [[#]] style. \end{enumerate} Comments introduced with [[dnl]] are copied verbatim to the generated \File{configure.ac}; however, do not appear in the \File{configure} output file. They are for \Tool{Autoconf} consumption only --- and that of the humans reading \File{configure.ac} (ideally, there should be none). Comments starting with [[#]] appear verbatim in both \File{configure.ac} and \File{configure} files. Because this is a pamphlet file, there almost never is a need to use the [[dnl]]-style comment. Consequently, \Tool{Autoconf} comments in this file should be of [[#]]-style form. Such comments can be of value to the occasional poor masochist who will be debugging the generated \File{configure}. \end{document}